1800 and 1801 United States Senate elections

The 1800 and 1801 United States Senate elections were elections for the United States Senate that, coinciding with their election to the White House, also led to the Democratic-Republican Party taking control of the United States Senate. Although the Federalists began the next 7th Congress with a slim majority, they lost their majority shortly thereafter due to mid-year special elections.

By the time the first proper session of the 7th Congress met in December 1801, three seats had been gained by the Democratic-Republicans, leaving them with an overall majority of 17 seats and a Government trifecta.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Before the November elections
After the November 6, 1800 special election in New York.

Race summaries
Except if/when noted, the number following candidates is the whole number vote(s), not a percentage.

Special elections during the preceding Congress
In these special elections, the winner was seated before March 4, 1801; ordered by election date.

Races leading to the next Congress
In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1801; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

Special elections during the next Congress
In these special elections, the winner was seated after March 4, 1801; ordered by election date.

Connecticut


Federalist Uriah Tracy was easily re-elected.

Maryland (Regular)
The Maryland legislature failed to elect a senator before the March 4, 1801 beginning of the term.